Skin concerns
Acne: Moderate
Hey Gorgeous! 💖 Let's talk about your skin and the challenges that come with moderate acne. Managing moderate acne can feel frustrating at times, but remember—you are not alone, and progress is always possible with the right care.
Every skin journey is unique, and with patience, consistency, and a tailored approach, you can help your skin thrive. This isn’t about overnight fixes—it’s about nurturing your skin in a way that works for you.
What Does Moderate Acne Look Like?
Moderate acne is more than an occasional breakout but not as intense as severe acne. It’s often characterized by:
Blackheads and Whiteheads: Pores clogged with oil and dead skin.
Papules and Pustules: Red bumps and pus-filled lesions that may feel tender.
Small Nodules: Hard, painful lumps beneath the surface of the skin.
Scarring and Redness: Residual discoloration from healing blemishes.
While moderate acne might feel overwhelming, understanding its causes and types can make a big difference in your treatment plan.
Why Might You Be Experiencing Moderate Acne?
Several factors contribute to moderate acne. Here are some common causes:
Excess Sebum Production: Overactive oil glands can clog pores and trigger breakouts.
Hormonal Changes: Fluctuations during puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, or stress can worsen acne.
Bacteria: Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) bacteria thrive in oil-rich environments, leading to inflammation.
Improper Skincare: Comedogenic products or harsh routines can irritate the skin and clog pores.
Genetics: Family history can increase the likelihood of moderate acne.
Targeting these causes is key to calming and managing your skin.
Different Types of Moderate Acne and Routines
Nodulocystic Acne (Moderate Cases)
What it is:
Moderate nodulocystic acne is characterized by inflamed, hard nodules and tender cysts beneath the skin. While less severe than advanced nodulocystic acne, it can still cause discomfort, redness, and scarring if not treated promptly. This type of acne often persists for weeks, requiring a targeted and consistent treatment plan to improve.
Appearance:
Firm, red, swollen bumps (nodules) that extend deep beneath the skin’s surface.
Tender, pus-filled cysts that are softer but painful.
Scattered or concentrated lesions on the face, chest, or back.
Common causes:
Hormonal Imbalances: Elevated androgen levels can overstimulate oil production, clogging pores and triggering inflammation.
Genetics: A family history of nodulocystic acne increases susceptibility.
Excess Sebum Production: Overactive sebaceous glands create a buildup of oil, leading to clogged pores and bacterial overgrowth.
Routine for Moderate Nodulocystic Acne:
To address moderate nodulocystic acne, focus on reducing inflammation, controlling oil production, and preventing future breakouts while strengthening your skin barrier.
Morning Routine:
Cleanser: Start with a gentle, sulfate-free cleanser that cleanses deeply without irritating inflamed skin.
Recommended products: La Roche-Posay Toleriane Hydrating Gentle Cleanser, CeraVe Foaming Facial Cleanser
Niacinamide Serum: Apply a serum with niacinamide to reduce redness, calm inflammation, and regulate sebum production.
Why: Niacinamide strengthens the skin barrier and reduces redness from inflamed nodules.
Recommended products: The Ordinary Niacinamide 10% + Zinc, Paula’s Choice 10% Niacinamide Booster
Moisturizer: Opt for a lightweight, oil-free moisturizer that hydrates without clogging pores.
Recommended products: Neutrogena Hydro Boost Gel-Cream, Cetaphil Daily Hydrating Lotion
SPF (Sunscreen): Apply a non-comedogenic sunscreen to protect your skin from UV damage and prevent post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
Recommended products: EltaMD UV Clear SPF 46, La Roche-Posay Anthelios Melt-in Milk Sunscreen
Evening Routine:
Double Cleanse: Start with micellar water or an oil-based cleanser to remove sunscreen and dirt, followed by your gentle morning cleanser.
Recommended products: Bioderma Sensibio H2O, Banila Co Clean It Zero Cleansing Balm
Retinoid: Apply a retinoid like adapalene or tretinoin to increase skin cell turnover and unclog pores.
Why: Retinoids prevent clogged pores and reduce inflammation, key for managing nodules and cysts.
Recommended products: Differin Gel (Adapalene 0.1%, OTC), Prescription tretinoin
Spot Treatment: Use benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid on active nodules to target bacteria and reduce inflammation.
Recommended products: PanOxyl Spot Treatment, Paula’s Choice Skin Perfecting 2% BHA Liquid Exfoliant
Moisturizer: Apply a ceramide-rich or soothing moisturizer to repair your skin barrier and prevent dryness caused by treatments.
Recommended products: CeraVe Moisturizing Cream, Vanicream Moisturizing Lotion
Additional Tips for Moderate Nodulocystic Acne
Hydrocolloid Patches: Use these patches on active cysts to absorb fluid and prevent picking.
Recommended products: COSRX Acne Pimple Master Patch, Hero Cosmetics Mighty Patch
Dietary Support: Limit high-glycemic foods (like white bread or sugary snacks) and monitor dairy intake to see if it impacts your skin. Include omega-3-rich foods like salmon, walnuts, and chia seeds for anti-inflammatory benefits.
Stress Management: Stress increases cortisol levels, which can worsen acne. Practice stress-reduction techniques like yoga, meditation, or regular exercise.
Supplements (Consult a Dermatologist):
Zinc: Reduces inflammation and supports wound healing.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Helps regulate oil production and reduce inflammation.
What to Avoid:
Pore-Clogging Products: Avoid thick, heavy creams or makeup that aren’t labeled as non-comedogenic.
Physical Scrubs: Harsh exfoliants can irritate inflamed skin and worsen cysts. Stick to chemical exfoliants like salicylic acid.
Overwashing: Washing your face too often can strip your skin of natural oils, causing it to overproduce sebum.
Stay Consistent and Patient By sticking to a well-structured routine and avoiding common triggers, you can manage moderate nodulocystic acne and restore balance to your skin. Progress may take time, so be patient and celebrate every small improvement! 💖
Fungal Acne (Malassezia Folliculitis - Moderate Cases)
What it is:
Moderate fungal acne, also known as Malassezia folliculitis, is a skin condition caused by an overgrowth of Malassezia yeast in the hair follicles. This condition is often confused with traditional acne but requires a different approach to treatment.
Appearance:
Small, uniform, itchy bumps that tend to cluster together.
Commonly appears on the forehead, chest, back, and shoulders.
May feel rough or bumpy to the touch, but lesions do not typically contain pus like bacterial acne.
Common causes:
Humidity and Sweat: Warm, moist environments create an ideal environment for yeast overgrowth.
Heavy Skincare Products: Oils and fatty acids in certain products can feed the yeast and exacerbate fungal acne.
Tight Clothing: Friction and trapped sweat under tight clothing can worsen the condition.
Overuse of Antibiotics: Long-term antibiotic use may disrupt the skin’s microbiome, allowing yeast to thrive.
Routine for Moderate Fungal Acne
Treating fungal acne requires targeting the yeast overgrowth while maintaining lightweight, fungal-safe skincare.
Morning Routine:
Cleanser: Use an antifungal cleanser to control yeast overgrowth. Ingredients like ketoconazole or selenium sulfide are key.
Recommended products: Nizoral Anti-Dandruff Shampoo (used as a face and body wash), Noble Formula 2% Pyrithione Zinc Bar Soap
Niacinamide Serum (Optional): Apply a niacinamide serum to calm redness and strengthen your skin barrier.
Why: Niacinamide reduces inflammation and soothes irritation.
Recommended products: The Ordinary Niacinamide 10% + Zinc, Naturium Niacinamide Serum
Moisturizer: Choose a lightweight, fungal-safe moisturizer that won’t feed yeast. Look for non-comedogenic, oil-free products.
Recommended products: Neutrogena Hydro Boost Water Gel, Sebamed Clear Face Care Gel
SPF (Sunscreen): Use a mineral-based sunscreen that is lightweight and oil-free. Avoid greasy, occlusive sunscreens.
Recommended products: EltaMD UV Clear SPF 46, La Roche-Posay Anthelios Mineral Ultra-Light Sunscreen
Evening Routine:
Cleanser: Wash your face and affected areas with an antifungal cleanser to reduce yeast buildup.
Recommended products: Same as morning routine (e.g., Nizoral or Pyrithione Zinc Soap)
Spot Treatment (if necessary): Apply an antifungal cream directly to affected areas.
Recommended products: Lotrimin Ultra (Clotrimazole), Lamisil Cream (Terbinafine)
Exfoliation (1-2x per week): Use a gentle chemical exfoliant with salicylic acid to remove dead skin cells that could trap yeast. Avoid harsh physical scrubs.
Recommended products: Paula’s Choice Skin Perfecting 2% BHA Liquid Exfoliant, Stridex Alcohol-Free Salicylic Acid Pads
Moisturizer: Apply a fungal-safe moisturizer to prevent dryness caused by antifungal treatments.
Recommended products: Same as morning routine (e.g., Neutrogena Hydro Boost Water Gel)
Additional Tips for Moderate Fungal Acne:
Shower Immediately After Sweating: Fungal acne thrives in warm, moist environments, so showering right after workouts can help.
Change Your Pillowcase Often: Fresh pillowcases reduce yeast buildup and prevent re-infection.
Avoid Heavy Makeup: Stick to lightweight, non-comedogenic foundations and ensure proper removal at night.
Wear Breathable Clothing: Opt for loose-fitting, breathable fabrics to minimize friction and trapped sweat.
What to Avoid:
Heavy Oils or Butters: Ingredients like coconut oil, olive oil, or shea butter can feed Malassezia yeast and worsen the condition.
Antibiotics for Acne: Antibiotics may disrupt your skin’s microbiome, allowing fungal acne to flourish.
Overuse of Physical Scrubs: Abrasive exfoliation can irritate the skin and worsen fungal acne.
Sweat Traps: Tight, damp clothing can create the perfect environment for yeast to thrive.
By maintaining a consistent routine and addressing fungal acne with targeted antifungal treatments, you’ll see improvements in both texture and overall skin health. Patience and consistency are key! 💖
Comedonal Acne (Moderate Closed Comedones)
What it is:
Moderate closed comedones, also known as whiteheads, are non-inflammatory acne caused by clogged pores. While mild cases are typically limited to a few areas, moderate comedonal acne is more widespread and can persist if untreated.
Appearance:
Small, flesh-colored or white bumps that feel bumpy or rough to the touch.
Often appears on the forehead, cheeks, chin, and jawline.
These bumps do not usually become inflamed but can progress into inflammatory acne if untreated.
Common causes:
Excess Oil Production: Sebum combines with dead skin cells and clogs pores.
Product Misuse: Heavy, pore-clogging skincare products (e.g., comedogenic makeup, oils, or creams) exacerbate clogged pores.
Hormonal Imbalances: Fluctuating hormones (e.g., during puberty, pregnancy, or menstruation) can increase oil production.
Improper Cleansing: Not fully removing sunscreen, makeup, or sweat may lead to clogged pores.
Routine for Moderate Comedonal Acne
The key to managing moderate comedonal acne is to unclog pores, prevent buildup, and maintain a healthy skin barrier.
Morning Routine:
Cleanser: Use a gentle foaming cleanser with salicylic acid to clean pores and reduce oil buildup.
Recommended products: CeraVe Renewing SA Cleanser, La Roche-Posay Effaclar Medicated Gel Cleanser
Niacinamide Serum: Apply a serum with niacinamide to calm redness, regulate oil production, and minimize the appearance of pores.
Why: Niacinamide is soothing and balances sebum production.
Recommended products: The Ordinary Niacinamide 10% + Zinc, Glow Recipe Watermelon Glow Niacinamide Drops
Moisturizer: Choose a lightweight, non-comedogenic moisturizer to keep your skin hydrated without clogging pores.
Recommended products: Neutrogena Hydro Boost Gel-Cream, Cetaphil Oil-Free Hydrating Lotion
SPF (Sunscreen): Use a non-comedogenic sunscreen to protect your skin from UV damage and prevent post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
Recommended products: EltaMD UV Clear SPF 46, La Roche-Posay Anthelios Mineral Ultra-Light Sunscreen
Evening Routine:
Double Cleanse: Start with micellar water or an oil-based cleanser to remove sunscreen and makeup, followed by a salicylic acid cleanser to deeply cleanse pores.
Recommended products: Bioderma Sensibio H2O, Banila Co Clean It Zero Cleansing Balm
Exfoliation (2-3x per week): Use a chemical exfoliant with salicylic acid or glycolic acid to dissolve dead skin cells and unclog pores. Avoid physical scrubs that can irritate your skin.
Recommended products: Paula’s Choice Skin Perfecting 2% BHA Liquid Exfoliant, The Ordinary Glycolic Acid 7% Toning Solution
Retinoid: Apply a topical retinoid like adapalene or tretinoin to speed up cell turnover and prevent clogged pores.
Why: Retinoids are the gold standard for comedonal acne treatment.
Recommended products: Differin Gel (Adapalene 0.1%, OTC), Prescription tretinoin
Moisturizer: Finish with a lightweight, oil-free moisturizer to lock in hydration.
Recommended products: CeraVe PM Facial Moisturizing Lotion, Vanicream Lite Lotion
Additional Tips for Moderate Comedonal Acne:
Pillowcase Hygiene: Change your pillowcases frequently to reduce oil and dirt transfer to your skin.
Avoid Heavy, Comedogenic Products: Look for products labeled “non-comedogenic” or “oil-free.” Avoid ingredients like coconut oil, shea butter, or lanolin.
Stay Hydrated: Proper hydration helps balance oil production and supports overall skin health.
Professional Treatments: Consider dermatologist-supervised treatments such as chemical peels or microdermabrasion to speed up results.
What to Avoid:
Physical Scrubs: Avoid abrasive exfoliants or tools, as they can irritate the skin and worsen clogged pores.
Overwashing: Cleansing more than twice a day can strip your skin of natural oils, triggering more oil production.
Heavy Makeup: Stick to lightweight, non-comedogenic makeup products and ensure proper removal at night.
By following this targeted routine and consistently using products designed to unclog pores and regulate oil, you’ll notice smoother skin and fewer comedones over time. Be patient and give your routine at least 3 months to show results! 💖
Hormonal Acne (Moderate Cases)
What it is:
Hormonal acne is triggered by fluctuations in hormones like androgens, which increase sebum production and lead to clogged pores. Moderate cases of hormonal acne are characterized by persistent, inflamed breakouts that often occur in hormonally sensitive areas of the face and body.
Appearance:
Red, inflamed bumps or pustules, concentrated around the jawline, chin, and lower cheeks.
These breakouts may feel tender or painful and often recur in the same areas, particularly around your menstrual cycle.
Common causes:
Hormonal Fluctuations: Androgen levels can increase sebum production, clogging pores and causing inflammation.
PCOS or Other Conditions: Underlying hormonal imbalances, like Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), can exacerbate acne.
Dietary Triggers: Foods with high glycemic indexes (e.g., refined sugars, white bread) or dairy products may worsen hormonal acne.
Stress: Elevated cortisol levels during stressful periods can trigger or worsen hormonal breakouts.
Routine for Moderate Hormonal Acne
Managing hormonal acne involves targeting inflammation, regulating sebum production, and supporting your skin barrier. A consistent skincare routine, along with lifestyle adjustments, can make a noticeable difference.
Morning Routine:
Cleanser: Use a gentle, pH-balanced cleanser to remove excess oil without stripping the skin.
Recommended products: CeraVe Hydrating Cream-to-Foam Cleanser, La Roche-Posay Toleriane Purifying Foaming Cleanser
Niacinamide Serum: Apply a niacinamide serum to calm redness, strengthen the skin barrier, and regulate oil production.
Why: Niacinamide is anti-inflammatory and helps minimize redness from active breakouts.
Recommended products: The Ordinary Niacinamide 10% + Zinc, Paula’s Choice 10% Niacinamide Booster
Moisturizer: Opt for a lightweight, non-comedogenic moisturizer that hydrates without clogging pores.
Recommended products: Neutrogena Hydro Boost Gel-Cream, Cetaphil Daily Oil-Free Hydrating Lotion
SPF (Sunscreen): Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 to protect against post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH).
Recommended products: EltaMD UV Clear SPF 46, La Roche-Posay Anthelios Melt-in Milk Sunscreen
Evening Routine:
Double Cleanse: Start with micellar water or an oil-based cleanser to remove makeup and sunscreen, followed by your morning cleanser to deeply clean pores.
Recommended products: Bioderma Sensibio H2O, Banila Co Clean It Zero Cleansing Balm
Retinoid: Apply a pea-sized amount of a topical retinoid, like adapalene or tretinoin, to regulate skin cell turnover and unclog pores.
Why: Retinoids are essential for hormonal acne as they prevent future breakouts by reducing pore blockages.
Recommended products: Differin Gel (Adapalene 0.1%, OTC), Prescription tretinoin
Spot Treatment (Optional): Apply benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid directly to active blemishes to reduce bacteria and inflammation.
Recommended products: PanOxyl Acne Foaming Wash (4% benzoyl peroxide), Paula’s Choice Skin Perfecting 2% BHA Liquid Exfoliant
Moisturizer: Repair your skin barrier with a soothing, ceramide-rich moisturizer.
Recommended products: CeraVe Moisturizing Cream, Vanicream Moisturizing Lotion
Additional Tips for Moderate Hormonal Acne:
Diet Adjustments:
Reduce high-glycemic foods (like sugary snacks and refined carbs) and consider limiting dairy intake if you suspect it triggers your breakouts. Instead, incorporate omega-3-rich foods like salmon, flaxseeds, and walnuts, as they have anti-inflammatory properties.
Stress Management:
Practice mindfulness, yoga, or deep-breathing exercises to reduce cortisol levels, which can help minimize flare-ups.
Supplements (Consult a Dermatologist):
Zinc: Reduces inflammation and supports healing.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Helps balance oil production and reduce redness.
Evening Primrose Oil: May help regulate hormones in some individuals.
Professional Support:
Speak with a dermatologist about hormonal treatments, such as oral contraceptives or anti-androgens like spironolactone, for deeper hormonal regulation.
What to Avoid:
Harsh Scrubs: These can irritate inflamed skin and worsen redness. Stick to chemical exfoliants like salicylic acid.
Overwashing: Cleansing too often can strip your skin of natural oils and lead to overproduction of sebum.
Pore-Clogging Products: Look for “non-comedogenic” labels on skincare and makeup products.
With the right routine and lifestyle changes, you can manage moderate hormonal acne effectively. Stick to your routine consistently and give it 2-3 months to see noticeable improvements! 💖
Papules and Pustules with Post-Inflammatory Erythema (PIE) (Moderate Cases)
What it is:
Papules and pustules are inflamed acne lesions caused by clogged pores and bacterial overgrowth. Post-inflammatory erythema (PIE) refers to the pink or red marks left behind after these breakouts heal, commonly seen in fair to medium skin tones. PIE is caused by damaged capillaries beneath the skin and can linger for weeks or months if untreated.
Appearance:
Papules: Small, red, inflamed bumps without a pus-filled center.
Pustules: Red, inflamed bumps with a white or yellow center of pus.
PIE: Pink, red, or purplish marks that remain after active acne subsides.
Common causes:
Bacterial Overgrowth: Cutibacterium acnes bacteria thrive in clogged pores, causing inflammation.
Excess Oil Production: Sebum contributes to pore blockages and feeds bacteria.
Improper Picking or Popping: Picking at pimples can worsen inflammation and damage capillaries, increasing the risk of PIE.
Skin Sensitivity: Certain skin types are more prone to redness and erythema after inflammation.
Routine for Moderate Papules, Pustules, and PIE
This skincare routine addresses active inflammation, bacteria, and redness, while also preventing further breakouts and soothing post-inflammatory erythema.
Morning Routine:
Cleanser: Use a gentle, foaming cleanser with salicylic acid to clean pores, reduce bacteria, and calm redness.
Recommended products: CeraVe Renewing SA Cleanser, La Roche-Posay Effaclar Medicated Gel Cleanser
Niacinamide Serum: Apply a niacinamide serum to soothe inflammation, strengthen your skin barrier, and reduce redness.
Why: Niacinamide is a powerful anti-inflammatory that also helps with redness and PIE over time.
Recommended products: The Ordinary Niacinamide 10% + Zinc, Paula’s Choice 10% Niacinamide Booster
Vitamin C Serum (Optional): Use a gentle vitamin C serum to target PIE by brightening discoloration and protecting against free radicals.
Recommended products: SkinCeuticals C E Ferulic, The Ordinary Ascorbic Acid 8% + Alpha Arbutin 2%
Moisturizer: Opt for a lightweight, non-comedogenic moisturizer to hydrate and calm your skin.
Recommended products: Neutrogena Hydro Boost Gel-Cream, Cetaphil Daily Oil-Free Hydrating Lotion
SPF (Sunscreen): Use a mineral-based sunscreen to prevent further erythema and protect healing skin from UV damage.
Recommended products: EltaMD UV Clear SPF 46, La Roche-Posay Anthelios Melt-in Milk Sunscreen
Evening Routine:
Double Cleanse: Remove sunscreen and makeup with micellar water, then follow with a gentle salicylic acid cleanser to clear pores.
Recommended products: Bioderma Sensibio H2O, CeraVe Hydrating Cream-to-Foam Cleanser
Retinoid: Apply a retinoid, such as adapalene or tretinoin, to unclog pores, reduce inflammation, and speed up skin cell turnover.
Why: Retinoids are key for preventing future breakouts and reducing redness over time.
Recommended products: Differin Gel (Adapalene 0.1%, OTC), Prescription tretinoin
Spot Treatment: Use benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid on active papules and pustules to reduce bacteria and inflammation.
Recommended products: PanOxyl Spot Treatment, Paula’s Choice BHA Liquid Exfoliant
Moisturizer: Apply a ceramide-rich or calming moisturizer to repair your skin barrier and soothe irritation.
Recommended products: CeraVe Moisturizing Cream, Vanicream Moisturizing Lotion
Optional Add-On for PIE: Use an azelaic acid treatment 2-3 times a week to reduce redness and brighten skin.
Recommended products: The Ordinary Azelaic Acid Suspension 10%, Paula’s Choice 10% Azelaic Acid Booster
Additional Tips for Moderate Papules, Pustules, and PIE
Avoid Picking:
Picking or popping pimples increases inflammation and damages capillaries, worsening PIE. Stick to gentle spot treatments instead.
Manage Triggers:
Diet: Limit high-glycemic foods and dairy, as they can contribute to inflammation and breakouts.
Stress: Incorporate stress-reduction practices like yoga, meditation, or journaling to keep cortisol levels in check.
Hydrocolloid Patches:
Use hydrocolloid patches on pustules to absorb fluid and protect against bacteria.
Recommended products: Hero Cosmetics Mighty Patch, COSRX Acne Pimple Master Patch
Professional Treatments:
Consider chemical peels or laser therapy to reduce redness and promote faster skin renewal for PIE.
What to Avoid:
Harsh Scrubs: Physical exfoliants can irritate inflamed skin and worsen redness. Stick to chemical exfoliants like salicylic acid or azelaic acid.
Skipping Sunscreen: UV exposure can worsen PIE and delay healing. Always wear SPF, even on cloudy days.
Overusing Active Ingredients: Using too many actives at once can disrupt your skin barrier and increase redness. Start slowly and introduce products gradually.
With a consistent routine and patience, moderate papules, pustules, and PIE can significantly improve. Stick to your skincare regimen and give it 2-3 months to see meaningful results. 💖
Moderate Acne Scarring or Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH)
What it is:
Moderate acne scarring includes small indentations (atrophic scars) or raised areas (hypertrophic scars) left behind after moderate acne heals. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), on the other hand, refers to the dark spots or discoloration that develop after inflammation, commonly seen in medium to darker skin tones. Unlike scars, PIH is reversible with the right treatments.
Appearance:
PIH: Flat, dark brown, or purple marks left behind after acne.
Atrophic Scars: Depressed marks like ice pick scars (small and deep) or boxcar scars (wider and shallower).
Hypertrophic Scars: Raised scars that form due to excess collagen production.
Common causes:
Severe Inflammation: Inflamed acne damages deeper layers of the skin, leading to scarring or discoloration.
Delayed Treatment: Untreated acne is more likely to result in scarring or PIH.
Picking or Popping Pimples: Disturbs healing and increases the likelihood of permanent marks.
Skin Sensitivity: Individuals with darker skin tones are more prone to PIH, while those with fairer skin may experience post-inflammatory erythema (PIE).
Routine for Moderate Acne Scarring or PIH
To address moderate scarring and PIH, your skincare routine should focus on exfoliation, collagen stimulation, and brightening while protecting the skin from further damage.
Morning Routine:
Cleanser: Use a gentle cleanser that maintains hydration and removes impurities without stripping the skin.
Recommended products: CeraVe Hydrating Cleanser, La Roche-Posay Toleriane Hydrating Gentle Cleanser
Vitamin C Serum: Apply a vitamin C serum to brighten PIH, protect against free radical damage, and boost collagen production.
Why: Vitamin C accelerates skin renewal and fades discoloration over time.
Recommended products: SkinCeuticals C E Ferulic, The Ordinary Ascorbic Acid 8% + Alpha Arbutin 2%
Niacinamide Serum (Optional): Use a niacinamide serum to further reduce redness, regulate oil production, and strengthen the skin barrier.
Recommended products: The Ordinary Niacinamide 10% + Zinc, Paula’s Choice 10% Niacinamide Booster
Moisturizer: Opt for a hydrating, lightweight moisturizer that supports barrier repair.
Recommended products: Neutrogena Hydro Boost Gel-Cream, First Aid Beauty Ultra Repair Cream
SPF (Sunscreen): Protect your skin with a broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30+). UV exposure can worsen hyperpigmentation and delay scar healing.
Recommended products: EltaMD UV Clear SPF 46, La Roche-Posay Anthelios Mineral Tinted SPF 50
Evening Routine:
Cleanser: Use the same gentle cleanser from your morning routine to clean your skin without irritation.
Chemical Exfoliant (2-3x per week): Apply an AHA like glycolic acid or lactic acid to gently resurface the skin, reduce discoloration, and smooth scar texture.
Why: AHAs improve skin cell turnover, fading pigmentation and improving uneven texture.
Recommended products: The Ordinary Glycolic Acid 7% Toning Solution, Sunday Riley Good Genes All-in-One Lactic Acid Treatment
Retinoid: Use a retinoid like tretinoin or adapalene to stimulate collagen production, improve scar texture, and fade PIH.
Recommended products: Differin Gel (Adapalene 0.1%, OTC), Prescription tretinoin
Moisturizer: Apply a ceramide-rich moisturizer to repair your skin barrier and lock in hydration.
Recommended products: CeraVe Moisturizing Cream, Vanicream Moisturizing Lotion
Optional Add-On for PIH: Use an azelaic acid treatment or a product with alpha arbutin to brighten dark spots.
Recommended products: The Ordinary Azelaic Acid Suspension 10%, Paula’s Choice 10% Azelaic Acid Booster, The Ordinary Alpha Arbutin 2% + HA
Additional Tips for Moderate Acne Scarring or PIH
Consistency is Key:
Scar treatments take time—expect to see noticeable results after 8-12 weeks of consistent use.
Professional Treatments (if needed):
Microneedling: Stimulates collagen to improve scar texture and fade discoloration.
Chemical Peels: A dermatologist can perform stronger peels for faster results.
Laser Therapy: Reduces both pigmentation and scar depth.
Hydrocolloid Patches (For Active Acne):
Protect active pimples to prevent scarring by using hydrocolloid patches.
Recommended products: Hero Cosmetics Mighty Patch, COSRX Acne Pimple Master Patch
Diet and Lifestyle:
Incorporate anti-inflammatory foods like leafy greens, omega-3s (salmon, flaxseeds), and antioxidants (berries) into your diet.
Stay hydrated and get 7-8 hours of sleep per night to support skin repair.
What to Avoid:
Skipping Sunscreen: Sun exposure can darken PIH and delay the healing of scars. Always wear SPF.
Harsh Scrubs or Exfoliants: Physical exfoliation can irritate scars and worsen pigmentation. Stick to chemical exfoliants like AHAs or BHAs.
Overuse of Actives: Layering too many active ingredients can weaken your skin barrier and increase sensitivity. Introduce one product at a time.
By committing to this routine and incorporating professional treatments if needed, you can minimize moderate acne scarring and PIH. Celebrate every small improvement—your journey to clearer, healthier skin is worth it! 💖
Moderate Papules and Whiteheads (Combination)
What it is:
Moderate papules and whiteheads involve a combination of inflamed red bumps (papules) and non-inflamed clogged pores (whiteheads). This type of acne results from blocked hair follicles, excess sebum production, and bacteria that trigger inflammation in papules while whiteheads remain closed and non-inflammatory.
Appearance:
Papules: Red, swollen, and tender bumps that don’t contain pus.
Whiteheads: Small, flesh-colored or white bumps caused by clogged pores.
These lesions may be scattered across the face, particularly the T-zone, and can extend to the chest or back.
Common causes:
Excess oil production: Sebaceous glands overproduce oil, clogging pores.
Clogged pores: Dead skin cells and debris block follicles, creating whiteheads.
Bacterial growth: Propionibacterium acnes (C. acnes) bacteria thrive in the clogged, oil-rich environment, causing inflammation.
Hormonal changes: Puberty, menstrual cycles, or hormonal fluctuations can trigger breakouts.
Routine for Moderate Papules and Whiteheads
To treat moderate papules and whiteheads, a skincare routine should target clogged pores, control oil production, reduce inflammation, and prevent new breakouts.
Morning Routine:
Cleanser: Use a gentle foaming cleanser with salicylic acid to remove excess oil and unclog pores.
Recommended products: CeraVe Renewing SA Cleanser, Neutrogena Oil-Free Acne Wash
Niacinamide Serum: Apply a niacinamide serum to regulate oil production, calm inflammation, and minimize the appearance of pores.
Why: Niacinamide strengthens your skin barrier and reduces redness from papules.
Recommended products: The Ordinary Niacinamide 10% + Zinc, Naturium Niacinamide Serum 12%
Moisturizer: Use a lightweight, non-comedogenic moisturizer to hydrate your skin without clogging pores.
Recommended products: Neutrogena Hydro Boost Gel-Cream, Cetaphil Oil-Free Hydrating Lotion
SPF (Sunscreen): Protect your skin from UV damage with a broad-spectrum, non-comedogenic sunscreen.
Recommended products: EltaMD UV Clear SPF 46, La Roche-Posay Anthelios Ultra-Light Mineral Sunscreen
Evening Routine:
Double Cleanse: Start with micellar water or an oil-based cleanser to remove sunscreen and makeup, followed by your salicylic acid cleanser.
Recommended products: Bioderma Sensibio H2O, Banila Co Clean It Zero Cleansing Balm
Exfoliate (2-3x per week): Use a chemical exfoliant with salicylic acid or glycolic acid to clear clogged pores and improve skin texture. Avoid physical scrubs.
Why: Salicylic acid penetrates deep into the pores to dissolve debris and reduce whiteheads, while glycolic acid resurfaces the skin.
Recommended products: Paula’s Choice Skin Perfecting 2% BHA Liquid Exfoliant, The Ordinary Glycolic Acid 7% Toning Solution
Retinoid: Apply adapalene or tretinoin to unclog pores, improve cell turnover, and prevent new lesions.
Recommended products: Differin Gel (Adapalene 0.1%, OTC), Prescription tretinoin
Spot Treatment (Optional): Apply benzoyl peroxide (2.5%-5%) or sulfur-based treatments to active papules to kill bacteria and reduce inflammation.
Recommended products: PanOxyl Spot Treatment, Kate Somerville EradiKate Acne Treatment (Sulfur)
Moisturizer: Use a ceramide-rich or soothing moisturizer to repair your skin barrier and lock in hydration.
Recommended products: CeraVe Moisturizing Cream, Vanicream Moisturizing Lotion
Additional Tips for Moderate Papules and Whiteheads
Introduce Products Gradually:
Start with one active ingredient (like salicylic acid or retinoids) to avoid overwhelming your skin.
Hydrocolloid Patches (For Papules):
Use hydrocolloid patches on inflamed papules to protect them from picking and reduce redness.
Recommended products: COSRX Acne Pimple Master Patch, Hero Cosmetics Mighty Patch
Diet Adjustments:
Limit high-glycemic foods (like sugary snacks or white bread) and monitor dairy intake if it seems to worsen breakouts. Include foods rich in omega-3s (salmon, walnuts) and antioxidants (berries, green tea).
Pillowcase Hygiene:
Change pillowcases frequently to reduce oil and bacteria transfer.
Professional Treatments:
Consider chemical peels or extractions performed by a dermatologist to reduce whiteheads and improve skin texture.
What to Avoid:
Pore-Clogging Products: Avoid makeup and skincare products with comedogenic ingredients like coconut oil, lanolin, or mineral oil.
Overwashing: Washing your face too often can strip your skin of natural oils, triggering excess sebum production.
Harsh Scrubs or Tools: Physical exfoliants can irritate the skin and worsen papules and whiteheads. Stick to chemical exfoliants.
By staying consistent with this routine and avoiding common pitfalls, you can reduce moderate papules and whiteheads while improving your skin’s overall texture and tone. Celebrate your progress, and remember, every small improvement is a step closer to clear, healthy skin! 💖
Cheat Sheet: Key Ingredients for Moderate Acne Management
Salicylic Acid: Penetrates deep into pores, dissolves oil and debris, prevents clogged pores, reduces inflammation.
Glycolic Acid: Exfoliates the skin’s surface, improves uneven texture, brightens post-acne marks.
Lactic Acid: Gentle exfoliant that hydrates, smooths the skin, and improves roughness and discoloration.
Benzoyl Peroxide: Kills acne-causing bacteria, reduces swelling, calms redness in active blemishes.
Adapalene/Tretinoin (Retinoids): Stimulates skin cell turnover, unclogs pores, prevents future breakouts, improves skin texture, reduces scarring.
Azelaic Acid: Treats inflammation, clears pores, fades discoloration, especially post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH).
Sulfur: Reduces oil production, eliminates dead skin cells, unclogs pores, treats stubborn acne.
Ketoconazole/Selenium Sulfide: Antifungal agents that reduce Malassezia yeast overgrowth, targeting fungal acne.
Tea Tree Oil: Natural antimicrobial properties help target acne-causing bacteria, reduce inflammation.
Niacinamide: Reduces redness, regulates oil production, strengthens skin barrier, minimizes pores.
Hyaluronic Acid: Locks in moisture, keeps skin hydrated and plump without clogging pores.
Ceramides: Repair and strengthen the skin’s protective barrier, preventing dryness and irritation from acne treatments.
Zinc: Calms inflamed skin, regulates oil production, supports hormonal acne management.
Hydrocolloid: Absorbs fluid from pustules, protects skin, promotes faster healing.
Vitamin C: Brightens post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, boosts collagen production, protects against environmental stressors.
Celebrate Your Skin’s Progress!
Moderate acne is part of your skin journey—every effort is progress toward a clearer complexion.
Managing acne requires patience, consistency, and self-compassion.
Small improvements add up; your dedication will reflect in your confidence and glow.
You’ve got this! 💖 Treat your skin with kindness and let your inner beauty radiate.
HeyGorgeous!